As temperatures rise above 16°C in summer and lead into the early days of autumn, dog and cat owners should stay alert — this is prime time for harvest mites to strike.^1,2 This tiny mite that is recognisable by its orange-red colour, lurks in pastures and meadows, on forest edges and leaves, bark, shrubs, in overgrown gardens and on tall grasses.⁴ The mites prefer dry, sunny places, lying in wait for suitable hosts, and latch on as the animals pass through these areas.^3,4 Infested animals suffer from intense itching caused by the larvae's saliva. To protect your dog or cat, it is advisable to avoid areas where the harvest mite is prevalent or to keep your cat indoors during peak season.

• Beware of the larvae
• Symptoms of infestation
• How to protect your pet

The harvest mite undergoes several developmental stages: it starts as a six-legged larva that hatches from an egg, then progresses to a nymph, and finally becomes an adult mite.⁴ The larva is the only stage that poses a threat to warm-blooded animals, including our pets, as it feeds primarily during this developmental phase.⁵ The larva is active during the day, especially on sunny, dry days.³ 

The larva typically infests its hosts on areas such as the paws, between the toes, on the legs, stomach, chest, snout, and occasionally the ears. Once it attaches to the animal, it begins to feed on it. To do this, it scarifies the skin of its victim with its small hook-shaped mouthparts, injects tissue-dissolving saliva to suck up body fluids (lymph, liquefied skin cells and other bodily fluids).^3,6,7 After about a week, the larva detaches from its host animal to continue its development.^8,9 

Depending on the number of larvae that have settled on the animal, orange-red spots will be visible on the skin. You should also watch out for the following symptoms:^10-12 

• Severe itching as a reaction to the saliva
• Wheals and pustules that resemble mosquito bites
• Inflamed areas of skin marked by redness
• Scabs and pus due to the self-inflicted wounds
• Loss of fur due to intensive scratching at one skin site
• Skin injuries due to severe scratching
• Head shaking and sneezing when ears and nose are affected
• Restlessness and tetchiness as a result of severe itching

If you notice any of the symptoms listed above, it's important to have your pet checked and treated by a veterinarian. Persistent itching can lead to self-inflicted injuries or worsen existing wounds, increasing the risk of infection. A vet can not only provide advice for relief but also recommend effective spot-on repellents — such as sprays, drops, tick treatments or collars to help guard against further infestations.^13-15 

As harvest mite season is here, it's important to stay vigilant. Take time to understand the risks and implement the right precautions. That way, your dog or cat can enjoy the outdoors safely and comfortably.